Document Type : Original Articles

Abstract

Introduction: Interaction between periodontal cells and bone graft materials is important for the regeneration of periodontal lesions. The aim of this study was to compare the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Iranian Nano-hydroxyapatite and foreign Algipore hydroxyapatite on periodontal fibroblasts. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, gingival C502 fibroblasts were captured in their logarithmic phase, cultured and grown. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Nano-hydroxyapatite and Algipore hydroxyapatite were evaluated on these cultured cells at 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% concentrations. Comet test was used in order to study the toxicity of the materials on the chromosomes in the nucleus. Multiple regression was used to compare the effect of the two materials at a significance level of α=0.05, by considering the percentage of the lysed cells at baseline and after incorporating the two materials. Results: No significant differences were observed between the two materials (p value > 0.05). Multiple regression showed that there was a significant relationship between the cytotoxicity and the concentration of these two materials (p value < 0.05). There was no case of Comet, which indicates that the materials had no genotoxicity. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that Nano-hydroxyapatite is an appropriate alternative to hydroxyapatite, especially in regeneration and repair of periodontal lesions. Further studies are recommended in this regard.   Key words: Comet assay, Cytotoxicity, Fibroblast, Genotoxicity, Gingiva, Hydroxyapatite, Nano-hydroxyapatite.