مجله دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی اصفهان

اثربخشی درمان پذیرش و تعهد بر کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان در مبتلایان به اضطراب دندان‌پزشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله‌های پژوهشی

چکیده

مقدمه: یکی از جنبه‌های تندرستی، پرداختن به سلامت دهان و دندان می‌باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اثربخشی درمان پذیرش و تعهد بر کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان مراجعه‌کنندگان به مراکز دندان‌پزشکی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه‌ی کارآزمایی بالینی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه شاهد و دوره‌ی پیگیری سه‌ماهه بود. از بیماران مبتلا به اضطراب دندان‌پزشکی در دسترس، 32 بیمار به‌طور تصادفی انتخاب شده و در دو گروه آزمایش و گواه، گمارش شدند. افراد گروه آزمایش، در 10 جلسه‌ی هفتگی به مدت 90 دقیقه، تحت درمان پذیرش و تعهد طبق مدل ارائه شده‌ی هیز قرار گرفتند، اما افراد گروه شاهد در طی این دوره مداخله‌ای را دریافت نکردند. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌ی اضطراب دندان‌پزشکی DAI (Dental Anxiety Inventor)، پرسش‌نامه‌ی کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان (OHIP-14)، پرسش‌نامه‌ی SCL-90-R و دستگاه پالس‌اکسی‌متر به دست آمد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون ANOVA با سطح معنی‌داری 0/05 و با بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 22 تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج بین آزمودنی، حاکی از آن بود که در نمرات ناتوانی اجتماعی، معلولیت و کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان، بین دو گروه آزمایش و شاهد، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد (0/001 > p value). نتایج درون آزمودنی نشان داد، تفاوت بین نمرات ناتوانی اجتماعی، معلولیت و کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان، در سه مرحله‌ی پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری در دو گروه معنی‌دار است (0/001 > p value).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از اثربخشی درمان پذیرش و تعهد بر ناتوانی اجتماعی، معلولیت و کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان در مبتلایان به اضطراب دندان‌پزشکی بود و اثرات این درمان در دوره‌ی پیگیری ثابت بوده است. یافته‌های مطالعه‌ی حاضر می‌تواند به روان‌شناسان و مشاوران کمک نماید تا گام‌های مؤثر و ماندگاری در راستای بهبود کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان بیماران مبتلا به اضطراب دندان‌پزشکی بردارند.
کلید واژه‌ها: اضطراب دندان‌پزشکی، سلامت دهان، درمان پذیرش و تعهد، کیفیت زندگی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Dental Anxiety

چکیده [English]

Introduction: One of the aspects of health is oral and dental health. The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy on oral health quality of referrals to Isfahan dental centers.
Materials and Methods: This pretest-posttest clinical trial, with a control group and a three-month follow-up, was conducted on the patients with dental anxiety.In this study, 32 patients with dental anxiety were selected from among the patients with the criteria of the research and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. The case group received 10 weekly sessions of ACT for 90 min and the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using DAI anxiety inventory (DAI), Oral Health Quality of Life Questionnaire (OHIP-14), SCL-90-R questionnaire, and pulse oximeter. The findings were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA in 0.05 p-value using SPSS.22 software.
Results: The results showed that the mean (SD) of mental disability in the pre-test of the experimental group was 6.5 (0.9), which was 7.4 (1.2) and 7.5 (1.2) in the post-test and follow-up respectively, which was statistically significant (p value < 0.001). Also, the mean (SD) of disability in the pretest group was 3.1 (0.9), which was 2.9 (0.9) and 3.0 (0.9) in post-test and follow-up respectively and it is statistically significant (p value < 0.0001). The mean (SD) of quality of life in the pre-test of the experimental group was 23.1 (2.1), which was 25.2 (2.3) and 22 (1.8) in post-test and follow-up, which was statistically significant (p value < 0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on the quality of life of people with dental anxiety. Despite the limitations mentioned above, it seems that the findings of this study can be a useful step in the psychological treatment of dental anxiety patients.
Keywords: Dental anxiety, Oral health, Acceptance and commitment therapy, Quality of life

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مجله دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
اسفند 1398
صفحه 31-44