مجله دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی اصفهان

بررسی رعایت شأن بیماران توسط دانشجویان و دستیاران دندان‌پزشک در دانشکده‌های دندان‌پزشکی شهر اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله‌های پژوهشی

چکیده

مقدمه: در عصر حاضر، اصول اخلاقی در پژوهش‌های حوزه‌ی سلامت، در کانون توجه قرار گرفته است. یکی از مهم‌ترین این اصول، حفظ و رعایت شأن بیمار به‌ عنوان یک انسان است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی رعایت شأن بیماران توسط دانشجویان و دستیاران دندان‌پزشکی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: ادر این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی- تحلیلی، 200 بیمار به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شده و به 4 گروه مراجعه‌کننده به بخش‌های عمومی و تخصصی دندان‌پزشکی دانشگاه آزاد خوراسگان و بخش‌های عمومی و تخصصی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان تقسیم شدند. پرسش‌نامه شامل متغیرهای دموگرافیک، تحصیلات و وضعیت تأهل بیماران و سؤالات مربوط به میزان رعایت شأن بیمار توسط دندان‌پزشک بود. داده‌ها با آزمون‌های آماری آنالیز واریانس یک‌طرفه و تی‌ در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 23 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند (0/05 = α).
یافته‌ها: میانگین نمره‌ی رعایت شأن بیمار توسط دندان‌پزشک در حیطه‌ی «نحوه‌ی صدا زدن و مورد خطاب قرار دادن بیمار»، اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری را بین 4 گروه منتخب نشان داد (0/02 = p value). اما به طور کلی، اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری در میزان رعایت شأن بیماران توسط دانشجویان و دستیاران تخصصی دندان‌پزشک، بین گروه‌های مورد مطالعه وجود نداشت (0/77 = p value).
نتیجه‌گیری: شأن بیمار، دارای اجزای مختلفی می‌باشد که برخی عوامل باعث ارتقاء و برخی باعث کاهش آن می‌شوند. افزایش تعداد واحد درسی «اخلاق پزشکی» در دانشکده‌های دندان‌پزشکی، می‌تواند در بالا رفتن کیفیت رعایت شأن و تأمین حقوق بیمار مؤثر باشد.
کلید واژه‌ها: شأن بیمار، رازداری، حریم فیزیکی، اخلاق پزشکی، دندان‌پزشکی.

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Respecting Patients’ Dignity by Postgraduate and Undergraduate Dental Students at Dental Schools in Isfahan

چکیده [English]

Introduction: In recent years, principles of ethics have been the focus of attention in public health research. One of the most important principles in this field is respect for the patients’ dignity. This study aimed to evaluate the respect for patients’ dignity by dental students and assistants.
Materials & Methods: TIn this descriptive-analytical study, 200 patients were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups in terms of their referral to the general and specialized dental clinics of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, and Khorasgan Islamic Azad University. The questionnaire included demographic variables, educational level, and marital status of the patients, and questions on the observance of the patients’ dignity by the dentists. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and t-test using SPSS 23 (α = 0.05).
Results: The mean score of respect for the patients’ dignity by the dentists in the field of calling and addressing the patients showed significant differences between the four study groups (p value = 0.02). However, in general, there were no significant differences between the study groups in terms of the respect for the patients’ dignity by the undergraduate and postgraduate dental students (p value = 0.77).
Conclusion: Patients’ dignity has diverse components, with some factors improving them and with some others compromising them. Increasing the number of courses in medical ethics at dental schools can be effective in increasing respect for patients’ dignity.
Key words: Patient dignity, Confidentiality, Physical privacy, Medical ethics, Dentistry.

1. Tadd W, Hillman A, Calnan S, Calnan M, Bayer T, Read S. Right place-wrong person: dignity in the acute care of older people. Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 2011; 12(1): 33-43.
2. Âfzali MA. Human Dignity and Euthanasia in Islamic Ethics. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2010; 20(78): 83-95. [In Persian].
3. Brody H. Ethics: A theory of medical ethics. JAMA 1982; 247(16): 2293.
4. Disclaimer. The handbook of medical ethics. Br Med J 1980; 280(6210): 343.
5. Pleschberger S. Dignity and the challenge of dying in nursing homes: the residents' view. Age Ageing 2007; 36(2): 197-202.
6. Valentine N, Darby C, Bonsel GJ. Which aspects of non-clinical quality of care are most important? Results from WHO's general population surveys of “health systems responsiveness” in 41 countries. Soc Sci Med 2008; 66(9): 1939-50.
7. Chilton M. Developing a measure of dignity for stress-related health outcomes. Health Hum Rights 2006; 9(2): 208-33.
8. Beattie A, Durham J, Harvey J, Steele J, McHanwell S. Does empathy change in first‐year dental students? Eur J Dent Educ 2012; 16(1): e111-6.
9. Smith SK, Trevena L, Simpson JM, Barratt A, Nutbeam D, McCaffery KJ. A decision aid to support informed choices about bowel cancer screening among adults with low education: Randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2010; 341: c5370.
10. Kim SS, Kaplowitz S, Johnston MV. The effects of physician empathy on patient satisfaction and compliance. Eval Health Prof 2004; 27(3): 237-51.
11. Kutner MH. Applied linear statistical models. 5th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill; 2005.
12. Aghajani M, Dehghannayeri N. The rate of observe" various dimensions of Patients Privacy" by treatment team. Iran J Med Ethics History Med 2009; 2(1): 59-70. [In Persian].
13. Kadivar M, Mardani-Hamooleh M, Kouhnavard M. Concept analysis of human dignity in patient care: Rodgers’ evolutionary approach. J Med Ethics Hist Med 2018; 11: 4.
14. Henderson A, van Eps MA, Pearson K, James C, Henderson P, Osborne Y. Maintainance of patients' dignity during hospitalization: Comparison of staff-patient observations and patient feedback through interviews. Int J Nurs Pract 2009; 15(4): 227-30.
15. Gerry EM. Privacy and dignity in a hospice environment-the development of a clinical audit. Int J Palliat Nurs 2011; 17(2): 92-8.
16. Thompson, GN, Chochinov HM. Dignity-based approaches in the care of terminally ill patients. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2008; 2(1): 49-53.
17. Parsapoor A, Bagheri A, Larijani B. Review of revolution of patient’s right charter. Iran J Med Ethics Hist Med 2010; 3(1-2): 39-47. [In Persian].
18. Tad W, Dieppe P, Bayer T. Dignity in health care: reality or rhetoric. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 2002; 12(1): 1-4.
19. Sadeghi T. Observance of independence in nursing care based on opinious of hospitalized teenagers in pediatrics hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during 2008. Community Health Journal 2009; 4(1): 26-33. [In Persian].
20. Moin A, Anbari Akmal K. The patient-physician communication. Daneshvar Medicine 2010; 17(85): 71-80. [In Persian].
21. Matiti MR, Trorey GM. Patients' expectations of the maintenance of their dignity. J Clin Nurs 2008; 17(20): 2709-17.
22. Dawood M, Gallini A. Using discovery interviews to understand the patient experience. Nurs Manag (Harrow) 2010; 17(1): 26-31.
23. Peymani Z, Asadi Kalameh Z, Sherafat M, Mahmoodiyan F. Evaluation of sex proportion to health care staff in operating room: an ethical evaluation. Iran J Med Ethics History Med 2009; 2(4): 37-46. [In Persian].
24. Rahmani A, Ghahramanian A, Mohajel Aghdam AR, Allahbakhshian A. Perception of patients regarding respecting to their autonomy during nursing care in hospitals affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Iran J Nur Res 2008; 3(8-9): 7-14. [In Persian].
25. Khatib R, Armenian H. Developing an instrument for measuring human dignity and its relationship to health in Palestinian refugees. World Medical Health Policy 2010; 2(2): 35-49.
26. Dehghan Nayeri N, Aghajani M. Protecting patients' privacy by medical team and its relation to patients' satisfaction. Hayat 2010; 16(1): 13-22. [In Persian].
27. Javadi M, Yaghoobi M, Raiesi A, Mandegar H, Ayoobian A. A study of non-medical aspects of health services provided to patients in selected hospitals of Isfahan: Responsiveness. Health Information Management 2011; 8(5): 709-17. [In Persian].
28. Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Moosavi S. Status of human dignity of adult patients admitted to hospitals of Tehran. J Med Ethics Hist Med 2014; 7: 20.
29. Asmaningrum N, Tsai YF. Patient perspectives of maintaining dignity in Indonesian clinical care settings: A qualitative descriptive study. J Adv Nurs 2018; 74(3): 591-602.
مجله دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
خرداد 1399
صفحه 129-136