بررسی علل تعویق در مراجعه به دندان‌پزشک و ارتباط آن با اضطراب و رفتار کودک حین درمان در شهر اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله‌های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه دندان‌پزشکی کودکان، مرکز تحقیقات دندانی، دانشکده‌ی دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه دندان‌پزشکی کودکان، مرکز تحقیقات دندانی، دانشکده‌ی دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشجوی دندان‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

10.48305/v0i0.1621

چکیده

مقدمه: عوامل متعددی در تعویق در مراجعه به دندان‌پزشک نقش دارند که می‌توانند در میزان همکاری کودک حین درمان نقش مؤثری داشته باشند. هدف از مطالعه‌ی حاضر، بررسی دلایل تعویق در مراجعه به دندان‌پزشکی و اثر آن بر اضطراب و رفتار کودک حین کار دندان‌پزشکی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی- تحلیلی، 96 کودک 5-10 ساله‌ی ساکن اصفهان با بیش از 12 ماه تأخیر در مراجعه وارد مطالعه شدند. ابتدا والدین پرسشنامه‌ی مرتبط با علل و انگیزه‌ی تأخیر در مراجعه به دندان‌پزشکی را پر کردند. سپس مقیاس ارزیابی اضطراب و رفتار کودک با پرسش‌نامه‌ی Venham توسط یک دندان‌پزشک پر شد. داده‌ها توسط آزمون‌های Mann-Whitney، آنالیز واریانس یک‌طرفه، Kruskal-Wallis و ANOVA در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 22 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. سطح معنی‌داری کمتر از 0/05 در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: هزینه‌ی بالای درمان، مهم‌ترین عامل تأخیر در مراجعه و جلوگیری از بروز دندان ‌درد مهم‌ترین عامل محرک در مراجعه بودند. بین میزان تعویق و نمره‌ی رفتار (0/523 = p value) و اضطراب (0/499 = p value) ارتباط معنی‌داری دیده نشد، ولی نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش میزان تعویق، کودکان نمره‌ی اضطراب بالاتر و رفتار نامطلوب‌تری از خود نشان می‌دهند. بین میزان تعویق و سن کودک (0/002 = p value) ارتباط معکوس و معنی‌داری مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد که والدین کودکان، مهم‌ترین عامل برای تعویق درمان دندان‌پزشکی را هزینه‌ی بالای درمان می‌دانند. هر چه میزان تعویق در مراجعه به دندان‌پزشک بیشتر باشد، اضطراب کودک حین درمان بیشتر خواهد بود و کودک رفتار نامناسب‌تری نشان می‌دهد.
کلید واژه‌ها: دندان‌پزشکی کودکان، اضطراب، رفتار، میزان تعویق

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Assessment of Reason for Postponement of Referral to Dentist and Its Association with Child’s Anxiety and Behavior During Treatment in Isfahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narjes Amrollahi 1
  • Mehdi Jafarzadeh Samani 2
  • Yaset Abdi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry , Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Dentistry Student, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: There are several factors involved in postponement of referral to the dentist, which can affect the child's co-operation during treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for postponement in referring to dentistry and its effect on anxiety and behavior of the child while working in dentistry.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 96 children aged 5-10 years old living in Isfahan with more than 12 months delayed were included. Initially, the parents completed the questionnaire to the causes of delay in referring to the dentistry. Then the anxiety and behavior assessment of the child was filled with a Venham questionnaire by a dentist. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney, One-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests using SPSS 22 software. The significance level was less than 0.05.
Results: The high cost of treatment was the most important factor in postponing and prevention of dental pain was the most important factor in the referral. There was no significant relationship between delay and behavioral scores (p value = 0.523) and anxiety (p value = 0.499), but the results show that increase in delay rates, children show a higher anxiety score and a more negative attitude. There was a significant and reverse correlation between postponement and age of the child (p value = 0.002).
Conclusion: It seems that the parents consider the most important factor for postponement dental treatment as a high cost of treatment. The higher the delay in referring to the dentist, the more anxiety the child will be during treatment, and the child will show a more inappropriate behavior.
Key words: Pediatric dentistry, Anxiety, Time to treatment, Behavior

مراجع

1. Klingberg G. Dental fear and behavior management problems in children. A study of measurement, prevalence, concomitant factors, and clinical effects. Swed Dent J Suppl 1995; 103: 1-78.
2. Paryab M, Hosseinbor M. Dental anxiety and behavioral problems: A study of prevalence and related factors among a group of Iranian children aged 6-12. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2013; 31(2): 82-6.
3. Klingberg G, Broberg AG. Dental fear/anxiety and dental behaviour management problems in children and adolescents: a review of prevalence and concomitant psychological factors. Int J Paediatr Dent 2007; 17(6): 391-406.
4. Moore R, Brodsgaard I, Birn H. Manifestations, acquisition and diagnostic categories of dental fear in a self-referred population. Behav Res Ther 1991; 29(1): 51-60.
5. Yan N, Dix T. Mothers' early depressive symptoms and children's first-grade adjustment: a transactional analysis of child withdrawal as a mediator. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2014; 55(5): 495-504.
6. LaFreniere L, Cain A. Peer interactions of parentally bereaved children and adolescents: a qualitative study. Omega (Westport) 2015; 72(2): 91-118.
7. Ayers TS, Wolchik SA, Sandler IN, Twohey JL, Weyer JL, Padgett-Jones S, et al. The Family Bereavement Program: description of a theory-based prevention program for parentally-bereaved children and adolescents. Omega (Westport) 2013-2014; 68(4): 293-314.
8. Baier K, Milgrom P, Russell S, Mancl L, Yoshida T. Children's fear and behavior in private pediatric dentistry practices. Pediatr Dent 2004; 26(4): 316-21.
9. Rud B, Kisling E. The influence of mental development on children's acceptance of dental treatment. Eur J Oral Sci 1973; 81(5): 343-52.
10. Sharma A, Kumar D, Anand A, Mittal V, Singh A, Aggarwal N. Factors predicting Behavior Management Problems during Initial Dental Examination in Children Aged 2 to 8 Years. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10(1): 5-9.
11. Xia B, Wang CL, Ge LH. Factors associated with dental behaviour management problems in children aged 2-8 years in Beijing, China. Int J Paediatr Dent 2011; 21(3): 200-9.
12. Pai R, Mandroli P, Benni D, Pujar P. Prospective analysis of factors associated with dental behavior management problems, in children aged 7-11 years. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2015; 33(4): 312-8.
13. Xia B, Wang CL, Zhang S. [Confirmatory study on the regression equation for children dental behavior in Beijing]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2013; 48(12): 726-9. [In Chinese].
14. Sharma A, Tyagi R. Behavior assessment of children in dental settings: a retrospective study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2011; 4(1): 35-9.
15. Holst A, Ek L. Effect of systematized behavior shaping on acceptance of dental treatment in children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988; 16(6): 349-55.
16. Hoist A, Crossner CG. Direct ratings of acceptance of dental treatment in Swedish children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1987; 15(5): 258-63.
17. Clinical Affairs Committee-Behavior Management Subcommittee, American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Guideline on behavior guidance for the pediatric dental patient. Pediatric Dent 2015; 37(5): 57-70.
18. Versloot J, Craig KD. The communication of pain in paediatric dentistry. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2009; 10(2): 61-6.
19. Arsang Jang S, Amani F, Jafari Koshki T, Mozafariyanpour E, Jafari Kaffash K, Sajadimanesh M, et al. The level of availability and use of oral and dental health services in 6-7 years old children, Qom, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2015; 9(4): 55-63. [In Persian].
20. Ghasem Pour M, Haji Ahmadi M, Pourya Vali M. Dental experiments induced anxiety in 6-12 year old children and relative factors. J Babol Univ Med Sci 2004; 6(5): 12-6. [In Persian].
21. Javadinejad Sh, Tahmourespour S, Ghasemi D, Yazdi F. The Relationship Between 6 to 8 year Oldchildren's dental fear and their parents' fear. Journal of Applied Psychology 2013; 14(54): 84-90. [In Persian].
22. Kyritsi MA, Dimou G, Lygidakis NA. Parental attitudes and perceptions affecting children’s dental behaviour in Greek population. A clinical study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2009; 10(1): 29-32.
23. Ferrari M. Fears and phobias in childhood: some clinical and developmental considerations. C Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 1986; 17(2): 75-87.
24. Poulton R, Waldie KE, Thomson WM, Locker D. Determinants of early- vs late-onset dental fear in a longitudinal-epidemiological study. Behav Res Ther 2001; 39(7): 777-85.
25. Ten Berge M, Veerkamp JS, Hoogstraten J. The etiology of childhood dental fear: the role of dental and conditioning experiences. J Anxiety Disord 2002; 16(3): 321-9.
26. Venham LL, Murray P, Gaulin-Kremer E. Personality factors affecting the preschool child's response to dental stress. J Dent Res 1979; 58(11): 2046-51.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار