مجله دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی اصفهان

بررسی نقش پیشگویی‌کنندگی الگوی غذایی بر پوسیدگی دندانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله‌های پژوهشی

چکیده

مقدمه: تغذیه‌ی سالم و ایجاد عادات غذایی مناسب در دوران کودکی، می‌تواند شرایط مساعدی را جهت سلامت مطلوب حفره‌ی دهان فراهم سازد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ارتباط پوسیدگی دندان و الگوی غذایی در کودکان مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز دندان‌پزشکی بوشهر در سال 1401 انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش مقطعی، بر روی 178 نفر از کودکان مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز دندان‌پزشکی بوشهر انجام شد. برای اندازه‌گیری پوسیدگی دندان، از شاخصDMFT/ dmft  و برای بررسی الگوی غذایی، از نسخه‌ی فارسی پرسش‌نامه‌ی بسامد غذایی استفاده شد. برای بررسی ارتباط پوسیدگی دندان و الگوی غذایی از مدل رگرسیون خطی سلسله‌مراتبی استفاده شد؛ بدین‌گونه که متغیرهای اثرگذار بر پوسیدگی در چهار بلوک عوامل جمعیت‌شناختی، عوامل رفتاری، عوامل اجتماعی- اقتصادی و میزان دریافت مواد غذایی قرار داده شدند تا با تعدیل اثر سه بلوک اول، اثر بلوک میزان دریافت مواد غذایی در پیش‌بینی شاخص dmft، DMFT و مجموع این دو شاخص (DMFT+dmft) بررسی شود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج رگرسیون خطی سلسله‌مراتبی نشان داد که در مدل نهایی، مقدار ضریب تعیین تعدیل شده برای شاخص DMFT (0/63 adjusted R square: و 0/001p value < )، برای شاخص  dmft (98/0adjusted R square: و 0/001 p value <) و برای مجموع این دو شاخص DMFT+dmft (0/59 adjusted R square: و 0/001 p value < ) می‌باشد. نقش پیشگویی‌کننده‌ی الگوی غذایی به تنهایی (R2 change) بر شاخص‌های DMFT، dmft و DMFT+dmft به ترتیب 0/30، 0/52 و 0/45 بود که نشانگر نقش پیشگویی‌کننده بالاتری نسبت به عوامل رفتاری، جمعیت‌شناختی و اقتصادی- اجتماعی می‌باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: در مطالعه‌ی حاضر، ارتباط بین پوسیدگی دندان و الگوی غذایی تأیید گردید و مشاهده شد الگوی غذایی، بیشترین نقش را در میزان پوسیدگی دندان‌های شیری، دائمی و هر دو در این گروه سنی کودکان دارد. خصوصیات جمعیت‌شناختی، وضعیت اجتماعی- اقتصادی خانواده و ویژگی‌های رفتاری به ترتیب در درجات بعدی قرار داشته و سهم کمتری در بدتر شدن این شاخص‌ها ایفا می‌کردند.
واژه‌های کلیدی:  پوسیدگی دندانی، الگوی غذایی، شاخص DMF.

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Predictive Role of Feeding Behavior on Dental Caries

چکیده [English]

Introduction: A healthy diet and proper eating habits in childhood promote optimal oral health. This study aimed to evaluate dental caries and its association with feeding patterns in children referred to Bushehr dental centers in 2022.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 178 children who referred to Bushehr dental centers in 1401. The DMFT index and the Persian version of the Food Frequency Questionnaire were used to check the tooth decay and the food pattern of children, respectively. A hierarchical linear regression model was used to investigate the relationship between tooth decay and food patterns; in this way, the variables affecting caries were placed in four blocks of demographic factors, behavioral factors, socio-economic factors, and the amount of food intake, so that by adjusting the effect of the first three blocks, the effect of the block of food intake in predicting the indices of dmft, DMFT and the sum of them (DMFT+dmft) could be checked.
Results: The hierarchical linear regression results showed that in the final model, the value of the adjusted R2 for the DMFT, dmft indices and, the sum of them (DMFT+dmft) was 0.63, 0.98 and, 0.59, respectively. (p value < 0.001). Furthermore, the predictive role of the dietary pattern alone (R2 change) on DMFT, dmft, and DMFT+dmft indices was 0.30, 0.52 and, 0.45 respectively, which indicates a higher predictive role than behavioral, demographic and, socioeconomic factors.
Conclusion: The study found a confirmed relationship between tooth decay and feeding patterns. It was also observed that feeding patterns have the greatest impact on the decay of deciduous, permanent teeth, and both of them in children of this age group.  Demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status of the family, and behavioral characteristics were respectively in the next levels and played a lesser role in the deterioration of these indicators.
Keywords: Dental caries; Feeding behavior; DMF index

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مجله دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 20، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
اردیبهشت 1403
صفحه 13-24