بررسی موانع دسترسی کودکان زیر12سال مهاجر افغان ساکن ایران به خدمات دندانپزشکی
نوع مقاله : مقالههای پژوهشی
مقدمه: ممهاجرت و پناهندگی، پدیدههایی بسیار شایع در دنیای امروز هستند. ایران در دهههای گذشته میزبان جمعیت بالایی از افغانها بوده که عمدهی آنها به صورت غیر قانونی در ایران ساکن هستند. تعداد قابل توجهی از کودکان افغان در ایران به دنیا آمده و نیازمند خدمات سلامت همانند ایرانیان هستند. این مطالعه به منظور شناخت موانع دسترسی این کودکان به خدمات دندانپزشکی انجام پذیرفت.
مواد و روشها: بدر این مطالعهی توصیفی- مقطعی در سال ۱۴۰۲، از یک پرسشنامه ۱۱ سؤالی که در مطالعات قبلی استانداردسازی شده بود استفاده شد. از والدین کودکان افغان ساکن ۴ شهر قزوین، تهران، ورامین و کرج در خصوص موانع دسترسی به خدمات دندانپزشکی پرسش به عمل آمد. نتایج به صورت آمار توصیفی اعلام شد.
یافتهها: ۴۵۸ نفر در این مطالعه شرکت کردند. بر اساس نتایج، هیچ کودک افغانی به بیمه تکمیلی دسترسی نداشت. بیشتر شرکتکنندگان مشکل مالی را در پرداخت هزینه اعلام کردند (۴۰۹). میزان چکآپ داوطلبانه بسیار اندک بوده (۱۸) و نداشتن بیمه یک معضل اساسی به شمار میرفت. امکان دسترسی به بخش دولتی برای ۲۷۳ نفر ممکن نبود، ولی دسترسی به بخش خصوصی امکانپذیر بود. مشکل زبان و لهجه در ارتباط با افراد به میزان پایین گزارش شد (۳۵) و ۱۸۷ نفر اعلام کردند که احساس رفتار تبغیضانه در هنگام دریافت خدمات داشتهاند.
نتیجهگیری: کودکان مهاجر در ایران برای دسترسی به خدمات دندانپزشکی با موانعی روبرو هستند که در صدر این موانع مشکل اقتصادی، نبود بیمه و نداشتن اقامت قانونی بود.
عنوان مقاله English
Investigation of the barriers to access of Afghan immigrant children under 12 years of age to dental services living in Iran
نویسندگان English
Introduction: Migration and asylum are widespread phenomena in today’s world. Over the past decades, Iran has hosted a large population of Afghans, the majority of whom live in the country illegally. A significant number of Afghan children have been born in Iran and are in need of healthcare services similar to those provided to Iranian citizens. This study was conducted to identify the barriers that these children face in accessing dental services.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study conducted in 2023, an 11-question questionnaire, which had been standardized in previous studies, was used. Parents of Afghan children residing in four cities—Qazvin, Tehran, Varamin, and Karaj—were asked about the barriers to accessing dental services. The results were reported in descriptive statistics.
Results: A total of 458 participants took part in this study. According to the results, no Afghan child had access to supplementary insurance. Most participants reported financial difficulties in paying for dental services (409). The rate of voluntary check-ups was very low (18), and lack of insurance was identified as a major issue. Access to public sector services was not possible for 273 participants, but access to private sector services was available. Language and dialect issues in communication with individuals were reported to a minor extent (35), and 187 participants reported experiencing discriminatory behavior when receiving services.
Conclusion: Migrant children in Iran face barriers in accessing dental services, with the primary obstacles being financial problems, lack of insurance, and absence of legal residency.
کلیدواژهها English
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